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Page 294 of White Noise Keywords: "laminated," "shoe," "bottles," "clothes" Archive-name: running-faq/part1 Answers to REC.RUNNING FAQ and Interesting Information This posting contains answers to frequently asked questions posted to ================================================================== ================================================================= What to do before posting to rec.running or any news group Read news.announce.newusers and news.answers for a few weeks. Always make The difference between jogging and running is in the eye of the beholder. Jogging is spelled with a j, an o, and two g's, running is spelled with My gut feeling is: Speed doesn't matter; some people race at 4:00/mile, some at 12:00/mile. Jogging is a hobby. Running is a way of life. Avoiding Dogs (Arnie Berger arnie@hp-lsd.COL.HP.COM) There are varying degrees of defense against dogs. 1- Shout "NO!" as loud and authoritatively as you can. That works more than 2- Get away from their territory as fast as you can. 3- A water bottle squirt sometimes startles them. If they're waiting for you in the road and all you can see are teeth then "Halt" works pretty well, and I've used it at times. It's range is about 8 I bought a "DAZER", from Heathkit. Its a small ultrasonic sound generator By far, without a doubt, hands down winner, is a squirt bottle full of Finally, you can usually intimidate the most aggressive dog if there are E-Book John Lupton <jlgreent@netcomuk.co.uk> Gordon Pirie's book "Running Fast and Injury Free" which can be found via Books and Magazines (Phil Cannon pcannon@spotlight.Corp.Sun.COM) Books 1) The Lore of Running - Tim Noakes check for books available at:The Athlete's Bookstore bookstore@stevenscreek.com RUNNING DIALOGUE David Holt RN, Santa Barbara and 31:16 10 K. Includes winter running advice; extensive interval (three chapters) and Table of contents/list of contributors Magazines Track and Field News (12/96-monthly $34.95 US per year) 2370 El Camino Self-proclaimed "Bible of the Sport", T&FN is the source for major meet Track Technique (quarterly; $15 in US, $16 outside) same contact info as The official USATF(formerly TAC) quarterly, each issue has important California Track News ($18/yr) Calif.'s only all track & X-county publication. Lots of attention to prep Running Journal, P.O. Box 157, Greeneville, TN 37744. Covers southeastern Running Research News 12/96 $35/year $65/2 years (10 issues per year, 12-14 pages per issue.) (Add $10 for overseas airmail, except Mexico and Canada) ALL non-US Running Times (monthly $24.95 US per year) P.O. Box 511 Runner's World (monthly $24 US per year) P.O. Box 7574 Red Oak, IA 51591-2574 Masters Track & Field News (5 issues/yr; $10.50) P.O. Box 16597 Results, rankings, age-records, schedules, stories of age 40+ athletes "The Schedule" - A monthly magazine in California that has an extensive Winter Running Gear Curt Peterson <cpete@concentric.net> 13 Nov 1996 Just wear the same things for running as for cross country skiing. Suggestions- ================================================================== Disclaimer What I have to say here is *my* opinion only. Rules for Winter Running Rule 1: Dress in layers. Outer layers can be added/shed easily. Clothing Layers Shell. A water-proof or water resistant shell that is breathable is useful Tights. Tights have been mentioned above as inner/outer layers. Many people Gloves. Any cotton glove works. Polyproplyene or other microbfiber materials. Hat. A lot of heat is lost through the scalp, so a hat is a must for most Socks. A wicking sock will seem less heavy and your feet will be drier than Running shoes. Runner's World (anyone know which issue?) had some tips from Dressing for Winter Running Temp range Number of layers Clothing Materials MICROFIBERS Characteristics: Micro-fibers is not a fiber unto itself. It is a technology developed to An important characteristic of microfiber fabrics: they can be woven so Nov. '96 RW (pp.48-52) evaluted 12 underlayer shirts for keeping you Some names: Capilene, BiPolar 100 polyester, BiPolar 200 polyester, Dri-F.I.T. POLYOLEFIN (OLEFIN) Characteristics: Of all fibers, this is probably least familiarto you. Developed in 1961, NYLON Characteristics: Nylon is one of the strongest of all fibers, and for this reason it's used Although nylon is a very strong fiber, one of it's unfavorable Supplex has a feel of cotton,comfortable, breathable and water repellent/ WOOL Natural, Animal fiber Characteristics: GORETEX POLYPROPYLENE/THERMAX 60/40 CLOTH Breathability of Materials Breathability in waterproof clothing is one of the most misunderstood and The Breathable options Breathable waterproof fabrics operate by one of two ways.They're The top end of the market is dominated by Gore-Tex, and like some of the A coating is a coating, or is it? Breathable PU nylon doesn't really mean You'd expect breathable waterproof fabric to work reasonably well in dry Whatever the coating or laminate, the facing fabric and its water-repellent Linings It is a misconception that a lining is an aid to breathability. It isn't. A mesh lining can achieve the same effect with less resistance to the Maintenance General Information Running Mailing Lists T & F Mailing List The Track and Field Mailing List is a world wide network of athletes, Terminology: Pronation/Supination (Tom Page page@ficus.cs.ucla.edu) "Over" pronation describes a minor misalignment of the leg's forward swing "Over" supination is the reverse - impact is shifted toward the outside of Pronation and supination describe natural and normal motions of the foot What the previous writer (Jim Horalek horalek@alliant.com) is defining is Calorie/Energy Count Here is a little table adapted from "Beyond Diet...Exercise Your Way to Energy Range = Approx. Calories Per Hour Energy Range Activity Conditioning Benefits 72-84 Sitting, Conversing None 120-150 Strolling, 1 mph Not strenuous enough to produce endurance 150-240 Golf, power cart. Not sufficiently taxing or continuous to 240-300 Cleaning windows Adequate for conditioning if carried out 300-360 Scrubbing floors Adequate if done in at least 2 minute stints 360-420 Walking, 4mph Dynamic, aerobic, beneficial. 420-480 Walking, 5mph Dynamic, aerobic, beneficial. 480-600 Jogging, 5 mph Dynamic, aerobic, endurance 600-660 Running, 5.5 mph Excellent conditioner. Over 660 Running, 6+ mph Excellent conditioner Here is a table I clipped from Runner's World; the source listed Pace (minutes per mile) There are 3 main fuels used during exercise by the contracting muscle: 1) PROTEIN: A majority of text books written will not acknowledge FUELS: Fats and carbohydrates (CHOs are then the major fuel sources Back
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From: gontang@electriciti.com (Ozzie Gontang)
Subject: rec.running FAQ, part 1 of 8
Date: 11 Apr 2004
Newsgroups: rec.running
Last-modified: 10 March 2003
Posting-Frequency: 14 days
rec.running plus interesting & useful information for runners. If known,
author's name/email address are given. Send me Ozzie Gontang
<gontang@electriciti.com> any corrections,updates, suggestions, or proper
info of sources or holder's of copyright.
Part 1 of 8
What to do before posting to rec.running or any news group
Runner or Jogger
Avoiding Dogs
Books and Magazines
Winter Running Gear
Clothes (Winter/Summer)
Rules For Winter Running
Clothing Layers
Dressing for Winter
Clothing Materials
Microfibers
Polyolefin
Nylon
Wool
Gortex
Polypropylene/Thermax
60/40 Cloth
Breathability of Materials
Breathable options
Linings
Maintenance
General Information
Running Mailing Lists
Terminology ( overpronation, oversupination)
Calorie/energy count
Calories burned by running
Muscle fuels used during exercise
Part 2 of 8
Fat burning primer
Conversion chart
Fluid replacement
Noakes's Ten Laws of Running Injuries
Second Wind
Soda Pop
Computer software
Hashing
Interval training
Legs
Sore Knees
Leg Massage
Part 3 of 8
Mail Order Addresses
Marathon
Increasing your mileage
Major Marathons (e.g. Boston, LA, New York)
Part 4 of 8
Miscellaneous Medical /Injuries
Achilles tendinitis (incomplete)
Shin splints
Side stitches
Lactic Acid
Loose bowels
Diabetes & running
Nutrition and Food
Part 5 of 8
Nutrition primer
Powerbar Recipe
Orienteering
Predicting times
Running Clubs & Organizations
Part 6 of 8
Shoes
Stretching
Sweat
Tredmill Running
Weather (cold, hot, wind, rain, altitude)
Part 7 of 8
Pregnancy & Running
Mindful Way of Dealing with Out of Control People
Hints for the Successful Four Hour Marathoner (Super-Fours)
Part 8 of 8
Running Related Internet Sites
sure to read a newsgroup for some time before you post to it. You'll be
amazed how often the same question can be asked in the same newsgroup.
After a month you'll have a much better sense of what the readers want to
see.
Partial list compiled by Phil Margolies <pmarg@flash.net>
an r, a u, and two n's. Otherwise there is no important difference that
I am aware of ;-)
********************
There is no real distinction between the two. Traditionally joggers are
considered to be more casual and slower than someone who refers to
themselves as a runner. But use which ever term you prefer.
********************
A jogger is person who worries about the difference.
A runner just goes out and runs.
********************
This issue has been beaten to death more than once, but ......
if your goal/focus is to get there in minimum time; you are racing (or
race training)
if your goal/focus is on what your are doing; you are running
if your focus is to lose weight or gain fitness or whatever else
(possibly indicated by wearing headphones?); you are jogging.
No one of these three activities is any better or nobler than any other.
********************
When I'm tired I jog, when I'm not I run. After all, it's all relative.
********************
Speed IMHO has nothing to do with it.
Joggers are interested in the fitness benifits of the activity.
Runners are interested in the sport of racing.
********************
The best quote I ever read on this was: The difference between a jogger and
a runner is a bib number.
********************
A Jogger is everyone that I can pass.
A Runner is everone who passes me.
********************
There are many differences between a jogger & a runner, although both are
very positive activities & neither should be knocked. Here's a couple of
differences I notice:
Joggers get out on a nice day. Runners get out everyday.
half the time against most dogs that consider chasing you just good sport.
you in a heap o' trouble. In those situations, I've turned around, slowly,
not staring at the dog, and rode away.
feet.
that you point at the dog. My wife and I were tandeming on a back road and
used it on a mildly aggressive German Shephard. It seemed to cause the dog
to back off.
reagent grade ammonia, fresh out of the jug. The kind that fumes when you
remove the cap. When I lived in Illinois I had a big, mean dog that put its
cross-hairs on my leg whenever I went by. After talking to the owner
(redneck), I bought a handlebar mount for a water bottle and loaded it with
a lab squirt bottle of the above mentioned fluid. Just as the dog came
alongside, I squirted him on his nose, eyes and mouth. The dog stopped dead
in his tracks and started to roll around in the street. Although I
continued to see that dog on my way to and from work, he never bothered me
again.
more than one of you. Stopping, *and moving towards it will often cause it
to back off*. ( But not always ). My bottom line is to always *run* routes
that I'm not familiar with, with someone else.
http://www.gordonpirie.com . Pirie is a proponent of fore-foot striking.
All I can say is Pirie works for me. As a novice, having a pretty
straightforward book on technique to read, one that is uncomplicated by
jargon, is very useful. For me, even before a novice puts on his/her
running shoes for the first time, it is worth reading this book (its *very*
short). Not all of it is relevant to the recreational runner, but the bits
that are are very obvious and accessible.
=====
2) The Complete Book of Running - Fixx
3) The Runner's Handbook - Bloom
4) Long Distance Runner's Guide to Training and Racing - Sperks/Bjorklund
5) The Runner's Handbook - Glover & Shepard
6) Galloway's Book on Running - Galloway
7) Jog, Run, Race - Henderson
8) The New Aerobics - Cooper
9) Training Distance Runners- Martin and Coe
10) Any book by Dr. George Sheehan
11) The Essential Runner (John Hanc)
12) The Runner's World Complete Book of Running (Amby Burfoot)
diet advice; marathon chapter; three chapters on injury prevention and
treatment;
predicting times; plus table for paces to train for 2 mile pace for VO2
max, and 15K pace for anaerobic threshold.
-http://home.sprynet.com/sprynet/holtrun/
or send a blank E-mail to runningdialogue@mailback.com
=========
Real, Ste 606 Mountain View CA 94040
415-948-8188 Fax: 1-415-948-9445 1-800-GET-TRAK (1-800-438-8725)
results in T&F, road racing, cross-country, and race walking from the high
school to int'l levels. Emphasis on U.S. athletes. though significant int'l
coverage provided. Compiles annual post-season rankings of the top 10
performers in world and U.S. in every major event, men and women. Publishes
list of top 50 performances in each event for the year. Also sponsors
TAFNUT tours for major championships and the Euro Circuit/GP meets. Lots of
stats, good interviews.
Track & Field News.
articles on technique, training, and other practical information on all
events, at all levels. Intended for coaches.
4957 East Heaton
Fresno, CA 93727
action.
United States monthly. Founded 1984. Covers road races in 13 states, plus
ultras, multi-sports, racewalking. Annual subscription is $22.95.
P.O. Box 27041
Lansing, MI 48909
Credit card orders: 1-517-371-4897 MC/Visa accepted. e-mail: rrn@gisd.com
76 back issues, $265 (postage US 10 outside US $30)
customers please provide a credit card number or money order in U.S. funds,
or a check drawn on a U.S. bank (with American-bank computer numbers).
Mount Morris, IL 61054-7691
1-800-877-5402
1-800-666-2828
North Hollywood, CA 91615
worldwide. "Satisfaction guaranteed"
lists of races and other info. Northern CA: 80 Mitchell Blvd, San Rafael CA
94903-2038 (415) 472-7223; 472-7233 FAX Southern CA: 549 Highland Dr, San
Luis Obispo, CA 93405-1116 (805) 541-2833
Wind briefs -available in both womens and mens.
Underlayer turtleneck.
Underlayer long underwear
Tights ( thin or thicker cross country ski tights which are thicker wt.)
Wicking socks
vest or sweatshirt, but if long long run I use a Thermax sweatshirt
Shell for wind
hat and neck gator if really cold.
You can run in virtually all weather.
Our run group in Michigan runs every Monday night all year no matter
what the conditions are. I think -4 F is our record.
Clothes (Winter/Summer) (Mike Gilson GILSON@ALF.CS.HH.AB.COM)
----------
Preference on amount of clothing required for winter running varies widely
among runners. A couple of runners that I see wear shorts, long sleeved T's
and gloves at 30F! Experiment with how much clothing at various temp's.
Rule 2: Stay dry. When clothes get wet,they don't performance - & you get cold.
Rule 3: Hydrate. You may not sweat as much, but fluid replacement still needed.
Inner layer. The layer closest to the skin should be a tight, lightweight
fabric that wicks water away from the skin. Shirts should be long-sleeved,
skin-tight (without chafing), and may be turtle-necked (my preference).
There are a variety of fabrics that are effective in wicking water; I have
had a lot of success with polypro, but it is not machine washable. These
are readily available at running specialty shops and mail order. For pants,
lycra running tights work very well.
Outer layer. The next layer should be a looser, mediumweight fabric that
wicks water. A zipper at the neck is convenient for temperature control. I
prefer a shirt that is slightly longer than waist-length so that I have the
option of tucking it into the pants. I've had more success in finding these
in cycling stores than anywhere else. Two layers of lycra tights if very
cold.
in the coldest conditions. These are usually sold as suits, but tops are
available separately at a higher cost. Gore-tex is considered the best
fabric, but there are cheaper alternatives. You can get these suits made to
your measurements or buy them off the rack. I have a Burley jacket, which I
purchased at a cycling shop. It's chief advantage over the running suits is
the venting and extra zippers for temperature control. There are zippers
under each arm, starting at mid chest going up to the armpit and travelling
down the arm to about mid forearm.
run in sweats, but sweats have two disadvantages: they're heavy and they
get heavier when wet. Lycra is lightweight and warm, but costs more and
shows off body (im)perfections more than sweats.
people. Cotton hats get too heavy with sweat. Balaclavas are more versatile
than hats, and allow you to cover you neck/face if requires. Both hats and
balaclavas are available in wicking fabrics.
a conventional sock. Coolmax socks are my preference, worn in a single
layer. You can also find other fabrics, such as capilene or polypro socks,
which are considerably more expensive.
Alaskan runners on how to put (short) screws into the sole of the shoe for
better traction on the ice. I haven't tried it, but you obviously have to
be careful not to puncture the midsole, air/gel chambers, etc.
(degrees F) Inner Outer Shell Tights Gloves Hat Socks
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
50-55 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
40-45 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
30-35 1 1 0 1-2 1 1 1
20-25 1 1 1 2 1 1 1
0-15 1 1 1/pants 1 1 1
compiled by Ozzie Gontang <gontang@electriciti.com>
(see www.FabricLink.com/characteristics.html)
Man-made: available in acrylic, nylon, polyester and rayon.
* Washable, dry cleanable Shrink-resistant
* High strength (except Rayon) Insulates well against wind, rain, cold
Major End Uses: sportswear, activewear,swimwear, outerwear, rainwear.
produce an ultra-fine fiber, and then weave it or knit it into a very high
quality fabric constructions. DuPont introduced the first microfiber in
1989, a polyester microfiber. Today in addition to polyester microfibers,
there are also nylon microfibers that have become important in the
pantyhose market, rayon microfibers, and acrylic microfibers.
tightly so the fabric can't be penetrated by wind, rain, or cold. For this
reason, raincoat manufacturers have become big users of polyester
microfibers. Microfibers also have a wicking ability, which allows
perspiration to pass through. So they're comfortable to wear.
comfortable wicking away sweat to the exterior surface of the fabric.
Polyester has been treated (hydrophillic chemical) and altered
(electrostatic evaporation process, differing inner/outer surfaces) to
enhance its wicking ability.
Dacron is the trademark name for Dupont polyester. Woven fabric made from
dacron is similar to nylon ripstop or taffeta, but not as stretchy. Many of
the better clothing insulations are made from dacron. They are usually
referred to by more specific trademark names, like quallofil, hollofil,
polarguard, and dacron-88.
* Lightweight, lightest fiber, it floats
* Strong
* Abrasion resistant, resilient
* Stain-, static-, sunlight-, and odor-resistant
* High insulation characteristics
* Resists deterioration from chemicals, mildew, sweat, rot and weather
* Fast drying
* High wickability
* Static and pilling can be a problem
* Ironing, washing/drying need to be done at low temperature
* Non-allergenic
Major End Uses: Apparel - activewear, sportswear, jeans, socks,
underwear, lining fabrics.
polyolefin has been used exclusively in the home furnishings and high
performance activewear market: backpacking, canoeing, mountain climbing
apparel. In 1996 producers of olefin began to make in-roads into the
mainstream apparel market. It is being blended with cotton in the denim
market. It's being tested in the swimwear market. Asics Japan has developed
a swimsuit made of polyolefin and Lycra for the Japanese Olympic Swim Team.
Polyolefin is the least absorbent of all the man-made fibers, and the only
fiber that floats. (Swimmers will do anything to cut a milli-second off
their times!)
* Lightweight * Exceptional strength
* Good drapeability * Abrasion resistant
* Easy to wash * Resists shrinkage and wrinkling
* Fast drying, low moisture absorbency
* Resistant to damage from oil and many chemicals
* Static and pilling can be a problem
* Poor resistance to continuous sunlight
Major End Uses:
* Apparel - swimwear, activewear, foundation garments, hosiery,
blouses, dresses, sportswear, raincoats, ski and snow apparel,
windbreakers, childrenswear.
* Other-Luggage/back packets/life vests/umbrellas/sleeping bags,tents.
in garments that take a great deal of hard wear, like panty hose, swimwear,
tents.
characteristics is that it has poor resistance to prolonged exposure to the
sun. In addition, the Lycra (or spandex) breaks down from exposure to
chlorine in pool water. Lycra is used for its stretch.
NOT water proof). Absorbs a small amount of water if it is getting drenched.
* Comfortable * Luxurious, soft hand
* Versatile * Lightweight
* Good insulator * Washable
* Wrinkle-resistant * Absorbent
Major End Uses:
* Apparel - sweaters, dresses, coats, suits, jackets, pants, skirts,
childrenswear, loungewear, blouses, shirts, hosiery, scarves.
A teflon based membrane with microscopic holes. Gortex's claim to fame is
that it will let water vapor (from perspiration) through, but not liquid
water (rain). It blocks wind fairly well too. The membrane is delicate, so
it always comes laminated between 2 layers of other material. It does not
breathe enough. There are less expensive alternatives.
Does not wick very well. Can be uncomfortable. Troublesome to care for
(e.g. can pill badly) Will keep you fairly warm if soaked. Not very wind
resistant. Shrinks under heat from dryers. Thermax is an improvement on
Polypropylene. The big advantage is that Thermax isheat resistance so you
can put it in the dryer. Balance that against the extra cost.
This is a cloth with nylon threads running one direction, cotton in the
other. It was the standard wind parka material before Goretex came along,
and is considerably less expensive. Good wind resistance, fairly
breathable. Somewhat water resistant, especially if you spray it with
Scotchguard, but won't hold up to a heavy rain.
summarized from Clive Tully UK Outdoor/Travel Writer
100260.2053@compuserve.com
misrepresented technical aspects of outdoors clothing and equipment. It's
all very well listing the technical merits of a particular fabric, coating
or membrane. Too often, the design of the finished garment either makes or
breaks the fabric manufacturer's claim. E.g., a walking jacket with a
permanently vented shoulder flap might as well be made of non-breathable
PU. It can't maintain the partial pressure which makes the fabric work. The
exception is Gore-Tex fabric. Garment manufacturers using their fabrics
have to submit sample products for Gore to check they meet their laid down
standards of manufacture. Not many fabric manufacturers do that, but then,
not many have such a tight grip on their markets.
microporous, with microscopic pores which permit the passage of water
vapour but not water liquid, or they're hydrophilic, a solid barrier but
capable of absorbing moisture vapour and passing it through its structure.
Either may come as coatings applied directly to a fabric, or membranes
which are glued to the fabric which carries it. Then there are microfibre
fabrics and cotton fabrics.
other laminates on offer, it comes in a variety of forms. The original, and
still the best for durability, is 3-layer, where the breathable waterproof
membrane is sandwiched between a facing and lining fabric. Garments made of
this tend to be good value, too, because the manufacturing processes aren't
so complex. 2-layer is softer, with the membrane glued to the underside of
the facing fabric, and a loose lining. Not so durable, but usually more
breathable, and more expensive. Other varieties, laminate the membrane to a
lining fabric with loose outer - nice for fashion garments, and sometimes
the waterproof lining has loose outer and lining on either side - again,
more complex constructions generally adding up to more expensive garments.
And the outside pockets will let in water...
an awful lot. Individual coatings can have their chemistry tinkered with to
make them more breathable or more waterproof. Cheaper coatings may be
applied in one pass over the fabric, more expensive performance coatings
may be made up of several thinner applications.
conditions, provided you're not working so hard as to overload its
capability to transport moisture. The real crunch is when it's raining. How
much does it breathe after 5 hours in pouring rain? Tests showed that all
fabrics lose an element of breathability in wet conditions. The various
configurations of Gore-Tex lost between 34 and 43% of their breathability,
Sympatex 31% on a Z-liner construction, 70% in a double layer. Helly-Tech's
decline was just short of 75%, but perhaps the biggest surprise was Lowe
Alpine's Triple Point Ceramic 1200, losing just 15%.
surface treatment is absolutely critical. It's fair to say that the coarse
texturised facing fabrics will fare less well than smooth ones because of a
larger surface area to grab water when the water repellent treatment wears
off.
It won't make any improvement. As an extra layer of insulation, it will
make condensation inside the jacket MORE likely. What it does is improve
the comfort factor by putting a layer between you and any condensation
which may form on the shiny underside of your coating or membrane. 2-layer
Gore-Tex would be just too fragile without a loose lining to protect it. In
other instances, it's used to mask what's going on (or rather, not) at the
point of greatest resistance!
passage of water vapour - looks nice too, even if it is a bit of a pain
with Velcro - but the best functional designs will still employ a smooth
lining fabric down the arms to avoid drag over your fleece. But if the mesh
is to do the same job for a poor breathable coating or membrane as a close
weave lining fabric, it has to be made from an absorbent or wicking fibre,
otherwise, there's not much point in having the lining at all.
Whether you have an expensive membrane or an inexpensive coating lurking
behind the face fabric of your jacket, the moment the fabric "wets out",
you're in danger of anything from drastically reducing performance to
turning your jacket into something with the breathability of a bin liner.
It's easy to see when this happens. The water no longer beads up and rolls
off the surface of the fabric, and you'll see it soaking into the material
in patches. The fabric is still waterproof (apart from pressure points -
see above), but its breathability will be greatly impaired. The answer is
to keep your jacket clean, following any washing instructions to the
letter, and maintain the water repellent finish on the outside.
For details send email to: (Derrick Peterman)dwp@mps.ohio-state.edu
coaches, sports scientists, officials, and track and field enthusiasts.
Many national class athletes from several nations subscribe. The list
provides rapid dissemination of results, discussion of track and field
topics, and a source for inquiry about track and field events.
that causes the footstrike to be skewed to the inside of the heel.
(J.Horalek)
the heel. (Jim Horalek)
during the walking or running stride. In a normal stride, the outside
portion of the heal strikes the ground first. The foot pronates to absorbe
shock. That is, it rolls inward. At the end of the stride, the foot
re-supinates -- rolls outward-- on push-off.
`over pronation', and `over supination'. These are excesses of the normal
motions. Note that over pronation is fairly common and many shoes are
designed to counteract this. Over supination is very rare. Most people who
think they over supinate probably just under pronate. Some people who think
they over pronate may in fact pronate a normal amount, but fail to
re-supinate sufficiently at the end of the stride.
(Kenrick J. Mock mock@iris.ucdavis.edu)
Fitness and Heart Health" by Lenore R. Zohman, M.D.
unless
Walking, 2 mph your exercise capacity is very low
promote endurance.
Mopping floor continuously for vacuuming 20-30 minutes
Bowling Too intermittent for endurance
Walking, 3mph Adequate dynamic exercise if
Cycling, 6mph your capacity is low
Golf, pulling cart Useful if you walk briskly,if cart is heavy
isometrics may be involved.
Walking, 3.5 mph Usually good dynamic aerobic exercise
Cycling, 8 mph
Ping Pong Vigorous continuous play can
Badminton have endurance benefits. May aid skill.
Volleyball
Tennis, doubles Not beneficial unless there is continuous play
for at least 2 minutes at a time. Aids skill.
Cycling, 10mph
Skating Should be continuous
Cycling, 11mph
Tennis, singles Benefit if played 30 minutes or more with an
attempt to keep moving
Water Skiing Total isometrics
Cycling, 12mph building exercise.
Downhill skiing Usually too short to help endurance
significantly.
Paddleball Not sufficiently continuous for aerobic
benefits.
Cycling, 13 mph
Handball, Squash Conditioning benefit if played 30 min or more.
Swimming (wide Good conditioning exercise caloric
range)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Calories burned by running
(Rob Lingelbach rob@xyzoom.info.com)
is "Exercise & Physiology" (Lea & Febiger, 1986). At 70% of max.
12:00 10:43 9:41 8:46 8:02 7:26 6:54 6:26 6:02
Wt(lbs) Calories burned per hour running
100 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800
119 432 486 540 594 648 702 756 810 864
128 464 522 580 638 696 754 812 870 928
137 496 558 620 682 744 806 868 930 992
146 528 594 660 726 792 858 924 990 1056
154 560 630 700 770 840 910 980 1050 1120
163 592 666 740 814 888 962 1036 1110 1184
172 624 702 780 858 936 1014 1092 1170 1248
181 656 738 820 902 984 1066 1148 1230 1312
190 688 774 860 946 1032 1118 1204 1290 1376
199 720 810 900 990 1080 1170 1260 1350 1440
207 752 846 940 1034 1128 1222 1316 1410 1504
216 784 882 980 1078 1176 1274 1372 1470 1568
225 816 918 1020 1122 1224 1326 1428 1530 1632
234 848 954 1060 1166 1272 1378 1484 1590 1696
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Muscle Fuels Used During Exercise
Stuart Phillips(phillips@healthy.uwaterloo.ca)
Protein; 2) Carbohydrate; 3) Fat.
protein as a major fuel, and it likely is not. It should be pointed out
that protein requirements of someone who is running/exercising on a
regular basis are GREATER than those of a sedentary population. Is this
something to worry about? Most "North American" diets contain more protein
than is needed. So the bottom
line is you get more than you need so don't worry. Vegetarians? Again the
answer is likely yes, they also get enough protein. Even when consuming a
pure protein diet there is enough protein to more than cover the needs of
a person who regularly runs/exercises. Moreover, most vegetarians are
aware of what they eat and plan their diets very well.
for the exercising person. The balance of the use of these fuels is
dependant upon exercise intensity and duration (the two are inversly
related). The general rule is that the lower the intensity the greater the
energy cost of exercise can be covered by fat. Hence, the greater the
exercise duration the more fat will be burned, usually because the
intensity of one's workout will decrease - FATIGUE! The flip side then, is
that during higher intensity exercise (>70% of max), one relies heavily on
CHOs.